Every working citizen understands that he will not be able to work all his life and it is necessary to think about a pension. The main criterion that will further affect the amount of your allowance is official employment, receiving a “white” salary is the key to your prosperity in the future.
In connection with innovations in the field of pensions, it is worth thinking about many issues that relate to pensions. The reform of pension provision has led to the fact that citizens can take care of further payments on their own.
The pension is now divided into two main components - this is the funded pension. As for the second part, here you can even choose, at your discretion, a state or non-state PF.
What it is?
So, the joint venture is an integral part of the payments, which are calculated for each citizen individually. It depends on the cause of the insured event. JVs can, for various reasons:
- old age;
- when a citizen retires upon reaching a certain age threshold;
- disability;
Why is it called "insurance"? It's simple: the main purpose of these payments is to provide the insured person in connection with disability (or that was not originally acquired - this applies to minor children who have lost a parent and receive payments for the loss of a breadwinner).
A pension is paid every month, sometimes in order to extend or cancel it, it is necessary to provide documents confirming the fact of this need.
The old-age pension itself, or the loss of a breadwinner, consists of two main parts:
- the first is actually;
- the second is a fixed payment to it.
What is a fixed payout?
The joint venture is calculated for each citizen on an individual basis and depends on several factors. The main ones are:
The latter is appointed depending on the level of income received and the period of work. The law describes some requirements regarding this indicator, if the minimum indicator is not reached, then the citizen does not have the right to receive these payments.
In addition, we note that the reform of pension laws is also taking place in this area, which leads to a gradual and step-by-step increase in these indicators every year.
Chapter 5 of Article 18 of Federal Law No. 173 “On Labor Pensions” describes the procedure for assigning and paying a fixed allowance. A fixed payment to a joint venture is an amount that is fixed by law.
Compensation amount
Represents compensation, which is determined at the state level and constantly. Its value does not depend on the length of service and age limits. The main factors determining its size are:
- the value that is set at the state level;
- inflation rate in the country;
- ( , old age or );
- category.
Why did you separate the base part?
In the labor pension, which is income replacing wages, a basic part is allocated. This is the smallest part that is paid to all JV recipients. It is some incentive to qualify for a JV. This is a mandatory level of income that will be received by a citizen in any case, at any level and age.
What does it consist of?
The basic payment is an echo of the past, then it was about some “equalization”, when all pensioners received an almost equal amount. The fixed part has replaced it and is a guarantee of social security for pensioners. Base part size is fixed, however, you still need to get the right to have it accrued to you.
A prerequisite is to obtain a joint venture. It, in turn, is paid only upon reaching a certain age and length of service.
Rate changes
If we talk about specific values, then consider what level of fixed payments was set:
- 01/01/2015 - 3935 rubles;
- 02/01/2015 - 4383.59 rubles;
- 02/01/2016 - 4558.93 rubles;
- 01/01/2017 - 4558.93 rubles.
Reforming pension laws
The fixed part of the pension is a certain amount. Its value is affected by only one parameter and that is inflation in the country. This amount of pension can be increased only if the authorities make such a decision.. A stable situation in the country and the availability of free funds in the Pension Fund can become a prerequisite for this phenomenon.
Pension laws are also being reformed in the direction of fixed rates. All questions that relate can be viewed in article 16 of the Federal Law No. 400 of December 28, 2013 "On insurance pensions". This rate may increase, this should be initiated by the Government of the Russian Federation after the end of the first quarter of the year.
Late Exit Ratio
If a citizen receives and does not do this, then a fixed pension increase coefficient is applied to this employee. The procedure for determining it is described in the Federal Law No. 400 of December 28, 2013 “On insurance pensions” in part 5 of article 16.
Recalculation of the base part is made upon reaching the age of 80, the pensioner is entitled to a supplement in the amount of 100% of the fixed part of the insurance pension. It is also advisable to recalculate if a person who has received the right to retire and now decides to still use this privilege.
Conclusion
Currently, reforms are being carried out in the field of pensions, the age that allows you to go on a well-deserved rest is increasing more and more. But there are also positive aspects, citizens can now determine for themselves where the deduction from their income for the funded pension will go.
If you want to go on a well-deserved rest, then you can calculate in advance what you will be charged. For those pensioners who go on vacation later than the right received, increased coefficients are applied to the fixed part of the insurance pension.
Since the beginning of the 2000s, the government bodies of the Russian state have been taking a number of organizational, legal, economic and political measures related to changing the order of pension provision.
Prior to the adoption of innovations, the accrual of preferences took place according to a well-established scheme: persons of retirement age received funds from tax sources that were paid by organizations on account of their employees. Such a system was able to work in a stable manner if there were 5-6 workers per pensioner, and the rate of the unified social tax paid by the employer did not change.
However, with adjustments for demographic statistics in the country, the state decided to change the course of pension policy. In accordance with today's realities, there are only sixteen workers for ten pensioners, which is unacceptable and can lead to the depletion of state off-budget funds. The new principles for building the pension system, implemented in the Russian Federation in 2002, are designed to correct the crisis situation.
Calculation of the insurance pension
The accumulative part is understood as tangible assets of mandatory pension savings, which are managed by professional market participants, in the interests of a person who will apply for pension provision in the future.
What is the difference between a basic pension and an insurance and funded pension?
Since all these 3 elements (basic, insurance, funded) form the future basis of the monthly payments due, they have much in common in their content.
However, there are signs by which it is possible to distinguish the components of pension provision.
- First of all, the insurance element of preferences directly depends on the person's salary. The higher the established monetary rate, the greater the amount of deductions goes to off-budget state funds. This means that the final level of pension will differ significantly in size. While the basic part has no relationship with how much money a citizen received at the place of work before retirement. The base is expressed in clearly fixed dimensions.
- According to the pension legislation, the basic part of the monetary allowance is obliged to be paid to employees, after reaching the established age, without delay. The pensioner is able to receive the insurance component in full or in part, or may refuse to receive it at all.
- The accumulative element of pension provision has similar distinctive features from the base value, as well as the insurance part.
Where does pension funding come from?
For the most detailed analysis, one should consider those aspects on which the insurance and funded parts are distinguished from each other, in isolation from the value of the base component.
Pension reform in the Russian Federation in 2015. Differentiation of the insurance and funded parts
With the onset of 2015, the Russian government decided to introduce an improved procedure for the formation and calculation of pension payments in the compulsory insurance system. There are two separate types of pensions:
- Insurance (before the reform, it was an insurance element of the monthly payment).
- Cumulative (before the reform, it was a funded element of the monthly payment).
| Issues of differentiation | Cumulative | Insurance |
|---|---|---|
| What are the principles of their formation based on? | Set in monetary terms | It is expressed in points, the value of which can vary in accordance with the number of working persons and citizens of retirement age |
| What sources of payment do they have? | Sources are formed on the basis of the results of investment of pension assets by professional managers | Sources are formed on the basis of the funds of workers contributed to the Pension Fund |
| What does both of these parts mean? | Represents the funds recorded on the pensioner's individual account in rubles | Represent the obligations of government agencies to distribute funds to future employees |
| How is the indexing process going? | Directly linked to consumer portfolio returns | In relation to the existing demographic and economic situation. For example, in 2016 this part was indexed by 4%, and in 2015 by decision of the Government of the Russian Federation by 12%. |
| Are they related to inheritance law? | It is allowed to re-register in favor of the heirs until the appointment of pension provision | Cannot be inherited under any circumstances |
The combination of the funded and insurance part contributes to the formation of the most reliable option for building a pension system. Their introduction into the Russian legal field provided greater variability and diversity of state social financing.
The structure of the labor pension
How is the basic part of the labor pension recalculated?
The recalculation of pension indicators is understood as actions through which, based on the application of an authorized citizen, a change in the amount of the monthly compensation payment is made.
Legislatively, four grounds have been established when pension preferences may be subject to a differentiated review:
- Achievement by a pensioner of the age of eighty.
- Transformation of the degree of limitation of the ability to work, both upward and downward.
- Change in the number of disabled family members.
- Transformation of the recipient category of labor compensation in case of loss of a breadwinner.
The revision of the value of the basic element of a labor pension in connection with the achievement by a citizen of the age of eighty years is carried out from the day this subject reaches the designated age.
In other cases, the recalculation is carried out from the first day of the month after which the subject's application was received to revise the fixed amount of the pension upwards.
Reasons for recalculating the basic part of the pension
Fixed payout
The concept of a fixed payment, like many other innovations, came into the Russian legal system in 2015. It is understood as a specifically established figure, fixed at the legislative level, which is intended for payment to a citizen who has reached retirement age.
It is worth noting that this terminology has come to replace the old-established definition of the basic part of the pension. Although the essence of the concepts, as well as the procedure for assigning payments, are similar to amazing accuracy.
The following persons are entitled to receive this compensation:
- Citizens applying for pensions due to reaching a specific age.
- Citizens applying for pensions due to body dysfunctions that lead to disability.
- Citizens applying for pensions due to the loss of a breadwinner.
The final amount of the benefit depends on which classification group the recipient belongs to. The amount of funds previously directed to state funds does not affect the size of the fixed part of the preference.
Video - Funded and insurance part of the pension
Requirements for recipients of fixed payments
Based on the current state of affairs, it can be concluded that it is most advantageous from an economic point of view to declare the appointment of monthly social payments later than the generally established retirement age. For each annual period of later application, an increase in the insurance pension and a fixed payment by the appropriate coefficients is required.
However, in order to become eligible for these two types of compensation, you must first meet a number of criteria in 2019:
- Cross the line of a certain age. For males - this is sixty years, for representatives of the female half of the population - fifty-five years.
- Have at least nine years of official work experience (as of 2019).
- Have 13.8 retirement points (as of 2019). They are added depending on wages.
In the near future, these requirements will be tightened. By 2025, it will take fifteen years and thirty points.
Estimated changes by 2025
Above, we considered the classic characteristics for persons who carried out labor activities on a common basis.
But there are also less socially protected segments of the population, for which privileged conditions are established:
- Citizens who have worked in areas with adverse climatic conditions for at least fifteen years are entitled to receive fixed payments, regardless of age and points.
- For the disabled, the basic amount for a pension is established after the medical and social examination makes a decision on assigning a disability group.
- Dependents who have lost a breadwinner are entitled to a fixed payment from the day the family's breadwinner is lost.
Also important is the fact that, depending on the possibilities of regional budgets, citizens may be assigned additional base values. For example, a regional fixed payment for a dependent. All these preferences are subject to joint summation.
Formation of a pension
Fixed basic old-age pension in 2020
The introduction of clearly fixed values has become one of the social guarantees for providing Russians with a minimum amount of compensation payments.
As of 2019, the base part for a worker who left a position due to reaching retirement age is 4,983.27 thousand rubles. It follows from the analysis that this amount in 2002 was 550 rubles per month. The positive fact of the annual indexation of payments and their compliance with the minimum subsistence level is noted.
The described compensatory share of state preferences belongs to the category of mandatory for all citizens of retirement age with more than five years of work experience.
Thus, having worked for a period of medium duration, it is possible to enlist a certain amount of government compensation.
The amount of the basic labor pension in 2020 for general and special subjects (residents of the Far North, agricultural workers, etc.)
The coefficient of indexation of a fixed payment to the labor pension has been fixed since February 1, 2019. It is 3.7%.
To date, regarding this state guarantee, the following sizes are established in the legislation:
| Category of the subject of pension provision | The amount of payments, taking into account the indexation carried out in 2018 |
|---|---|
| Citizens applying for pensions, old age. For males - this is sixty years, for representatives of the female half of the population - fifty-five years | RUB 4,983.27 thousand |
| Citizens who apply for pensions and have worked in conditions of production of increased complexity. The criteria for the frequency of such work are set at a value of at least fifteen years, with a total work experience of more than twenty and twenty-five years (for female and male representatives, respectively) | RUB 7,315.86 thousand |
| Citizens applying for pensions and working in the regions of the Far North and corresponding climatic zones | 9 824.41 thousand rubles |
| Persons who have worked for at least thirty years in agricultural production. This category includes periods of labor activity that were performed on the territory of the Russian state, as well as those time periods of labor that were embodied during the Soviet Union before January 1, 1992 | 8,581.74 thousand rubles |
| Citizens subject to group I disability | 9 853, 82 thousand rubles |
| Citizens subject to group II disability | 5 103, 31 thousand rubles |
| Citizens subject to group III disability | 2 506, 29 thousand rubles |
| Dependents who have lost both breadwinners | 4,015.53 thousand rubles |
| Dependents who lost one breadwinner | 2,693.74 thousand rubles |
The formula for calculating the insurance pension
Important information! If the applicant for pension allowance expresses a desire to receive a larger amount due to seniority in the North and on the basis of the district coefficient in force at the current place of residence, then the territorial body of the PFR should offer the most favorable fixed payment amount for the citizen.
Rate of increase for late retirement
From modern statistical indicators it follows that Russians rarely delay the appointment of monthly payments, because the average life expectancy is not so high - 65.9 years for men and 76.7 years for women.
For each year of the latest application for state pension preferences, premium coefficients are set:
- When applying for an insurance pension one year later, the fixed payment coefficient increases by 1.07.
- When applying for an insurance pension two years later, the fixed payment coefficient increases by 1.15.
- When applying for an insurance pension three years later, the fixed payment coefficient increases by 1.24.
- When applying for an insurance pension four years later, the fixed payment coefficient increases by 1.34.
- When applying for an insurance pension five years later, the fixed payment coefficient increases by 1.45.
Table of premium coefficients
This progression cannot continue indefinitely and its maximum score will be 2.11 for people of retirement age who perform a labor function.
The maximum score is not more than 3 - for persons of retirement age who perform a labor function in the absence of a funded part of their pension.
Based on the above, we formulate the advantages and disadvantages of late retirement:
- In the event of a delayed retirement, the total amount of fixed payments will increase by a multiplier (+).
- While the subject of pension legal relations is working, the employer sends deductions of insurance premiums to state extra-budgetary funds for him and, consequently, the amount of insurance payment increases (+).
- The indexation of pension allowance for pensioners who continue to work has been canceled since 2016 (-).
- Low indicators of average life expectancy of the Russian population (-).
Thus, late retirement has both cons and pros. Each pensioner should proceed from the current individual situation.
Video - What is an insurance and funded pension?
What to do with the grounds for increasing the pension?
The bodies of the pension system of the Russian Federation carry out an annual recalculation of mandatory payments on the grounds for their increase. This privilege can be exercised in two ways:
- Increasing the insurance pension without an application. In these cases, the territorial administration of the PFR from August 1 of each year increases the individual pension coefficient of the worker. Thus, under these circumstances, the person concerned does not need to take any action. In most situations, the competent authorities themselves must identify the grounds for increasing monthly payments and establish them.
- The declarative form of increasing the fixed amount of pension allowance is reflected in the following cases:
- the appearance of disabled dependents by a citizen of retirement age. No more than three people will be taken into account. Such people must be on long-term or permanent material support from the pensioner;
- stay in the territories north of the Arctic Circle and areas similar to these areas. The increase in pension payments will occur in accordance with district coefficients for the entire period of residence in the above zones;
- the emergence of the required calendar work experience in the regions of the Far North and areas similar to these areas.
How is the pension calculated?
During the declarative procedure, the interested entity will need to fill out a form to the Administrative Regulations, a sample of which is contained on the official website of the FIU. You can download the application form.
The statement states:
- Passport data (series, number, issuer, date and place of birth, etc.).
- Addresses of actual location and place of registration.
- Telephone number.
- Insurance number of an individual personal account.
- Information about citizenship.
If the stated requirements are satisfied, the increase in pension provision will occur from the first day of the month following the calendar month in which the above application was considered.
Monitoring information on the state of pensions in electronic form
With the development of the Unified Identification and Authentication System on the State Services Portal, it became possible to create a citizen's personal account on the PFR website. This function provides an opportunity for working persons of retirement age to receive a certain list of pension services in electronic form.
On the Portal of State Services, it became possible to create a personal account of a citizen on the PFR website
For example, it is possible to change the method of delivery of pensions. It is also allowed to ask for information about the pensions due and the established social benefits.
Reference! If you are already registered on the eGovernment portal, then simply use your login and password to log in and manage your monthly payments.
Working citizens from year to year lived according to a certain regime with planned expenses, based on their monthly income. With age, there is no longer any strength or opportunity to earn money due to poor health or accumulated fatigue.
Design features
All accrued pensions consist of:
- base part;
- insurance pension part;
- storage part.
Pensioners of today do not actually face the latter part, since it appeared only a few years ago. Citizens currently working are interested in its accumulation.
The basic part is guaranteed by the state to all those who have acquired the right to receive it (have reached retirement age, received a disability, lost their breadwinner). Its size is fixed, indexed based on the level of inflation every year.
The insurance part is a value personally calculated for each pensioner based on his length of service and income level while he worked. Even before 2015, the calculation of this part was simple. Deductions from wages to the insurance fund were divided by the estimated 19 years of receiving a pension. Now there is a variable IPC, calculated in points.
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Legislative requirements for applying for an old-age pension:
- a woman reaches the age of 55, a man - 60 years (if premature retirement age was not provided for by the terms of the employment contract);
- insurance experience of at least 9 years in 2020;
- IPK 13.8 points (length of service).
Legislative requirements for the appointment of an insurance pension in case of loss of a breadwinner:
- Disability of the person applying for the appointment of a pension payment;
- Natural death (without a criminal case) of a breadwinner who previously supported the applicant, while he must have at least one working day.
Legislative requirements to assign a disability insurance pension:
- the assigned disability category I, II and III groups;
- there must be at least one day for insurance experience.
What documents are needed
The application can be made in person, by a representative or through the employer after the right to receive a pension is presented, to the Pension Fund or the MFC. You can fill out the form on the electronic resource in the "Personal Account" by registering on the website of the Pension Fund.
The date of receipt of the application is the day:
- handling an application - when submitted personally, by a representative by proxy or through an employer;
- sending, indicated on the stamp of the postal envelope - when sending it by mail;
- receiving it at the Multifunctional Center - if the document was submitted there;
- filing electronically.
Being abroad for permanent or temporary residence, it is necessary to apply to the FIU in the city of Moscow.
The following documents must be submitted (attached) to the application:
- original and copy of the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation and SNILS;
- documents confirming the length of service, if the deductions were not transferred (employment book, GPC agreements, certificates from the employer, etc.);
- confirming the average monthly income for five years up to 01.01.2002. certificate (alternative - income for 2000 and 2001 was previously transferred to the PFR system by the employer);
- if there are special circumstances, they should also be documented.
Important! The document specified in the second paragraph must contain the number, date of issue, full name and date of birth of the recipient of the document, where, when, on what basis (order number, etc.) and in what specialty he worked, the signature of the authorized person and the seal of the organization.
If something is not submitted, with notification of the documents accepted for the application, the FIU sends an explanation of what and within what time period must be submitted to the applicant personally (to reduce the waiting time) or to the employer.
The amount of the insurance part of the pension
In order to find out how much the insurance part of the pension will be, you must first find out the minimum and base amount.
Minimum
To get an idea of the formation of the minimum insurance pension, you can use the calculation formula for the minimum mandatory indicators for calculation:
The amount of the pension without increasing coefficients, for which there are no grounds, is calculated as follows:
13,8 * 81,49 + 4982,9
Total: 6107.46 rubles.
For those who decide to slightly raise the size of the pension and apply for its appointment six months after their birthday at 55 or 60 years old, increasing coefficients (1.07 and 1.056) are applied.
The calculation is presented for the same minimum indicators of insurance and work experience:
13,8 * 81,49 * 1,07 + 4982,9 * 1,056
Total: 6465.22 rubles.
Therefore, pensioners cannot count on an amount higher than the minimum subsistence level established in the regions in the amount of 9489 rubles.
Basic (fixed)
The presented formula illustrates the dependence of the total insurance pension on the base one. The base part guarantees a stable income for every pensioner in the Russian Federation. It is paid to anyone, regardless of the length of service they have earned.
The figure is not completely fixed; it reacts to inflation fluctuations like any guaranteed payment from the state. Since last year, this part of the pension has already been indexed and now the base part is 4,982.9 rubles (Article 16,400-FZ).
There are the following categories of citizens who have benefits when determining a fixed payment:
- older people who have crossed the 80-year threshold are entitled to doubling its size;
- pensioners who have taken up to three dependents increase their pension by a third;
- pensioners working in the Far North for a decade and a half or more can increase the fixed payment by 50%, but only upon reaching the insurance period, which for women is 20 years, for men - 25.
- work in an area equivalent to the Far North also entitles you to a benefit. 20 years of work and an insurance period of 20 years for women, 25 years for men, gives a 30% increase to the amount of a fixed payment.
How to know the size
You can find out how a pension is formed, what affects its size, using the pension calculator on the official website of the Pension Fund.
- the average amount of accrued wages;
- for registered sole proprietors or LLCs, the amount of income that can be documented must be indicated.
- The law provides for the right to choose a future pensioner to transfer deductions to the funded and insurance parts, or to transfer everything to the insurance part. Information about the selected pension option should also be entered in the empty field.
- indicate the number of years worked or the period when insurance contributions were made.
- in order to subtract the years of military service by conscription, parental leave and other important periods during which you did not work, you must also enter in a suitable empty column.
- to obtain the coefficient, you must indicate the date of application for the appointment of a pension (on time or with a delay of more than 6 months).
Important! You can not take this calculation as accurate, the resulting number can only serve as a guide. Any of the numbers entered may differ from the real one on the day of the application.
The calculator is up-to-date on the day when the information is entered, and is updated with each change in legislation or fixed amounts (the cost of a point or the amount of the minimum IPC).
Not all information received by the PFR from the employer is stored in the memory of the future pensioner, and vice versa, not every GPC agreement was correctly taken into account in the PFR. All these nuances, as well as the available benefits and rights on the day the pension is awarded, are taken into account by the employees of the Pension Fund.
It does not make sense to use this calculator for military personnel and employees of law enforcement agencies, as well as citizens of the self-employed category.
Video: What affects the size of the insurance pension in 2020
According to the new rules, a Russian pension consists of three parts. The first person accumulates himself from his own funds. The second - he earns in the process of labor activity. And the third one is guaranteed by the state. It is this last, basic part of the pension that we want to tell you about today.
The concept of the basic part of the insurance pension for knowledgeable people is by no means new, since it existed even before the start of the law No. 400-FZ of December 28, 2013. Just earlier (until December 31, 2014 inclusive), this basic part was part of a non-insurance and the old-age labor pension and each year increased in proportion to the increase in food prices and the average annual inflation rate. Actually, apart from the name and the amount, nothing has changed in it this year.
What is a Fixed Pension Supplement?
In the new law (we already mentioned it above), the basic part of the pension is called a fixed supplement, although in fact it is the same thing. The procedure for assigning, calculating the increase and changing the fixed surcharge is described in detail in articles 16-18 of the Federal Law No. 400.
All pensioners registered in the OPS system can receive a fixed supplement to the pension. A fixed additional payment cannot be paid separately and is issued simultaneously with one of the following types of insurance payments:
- by age/old age;
- due to disability;
- due to the death of the breadwinner.
According to which category a pensioner can be classified (who has reached retirement age, a disabled person of one of the groups who has lost a breadwinner), his place of residence, the presence of relatives in care, as well as the specific nature of work, the size of the basic part of the insurance / labor pension changes.
In addition, the fixed pension is regularly indexed in February and April of the new year, in proportion to the country's price growth index. In February of this year, such indexation was already carried out: fixed values of insurance pensions of all types increased by 11.4% and amounted to:
- old-age and disability pension (for disabled people of groups 1 and 2) - 4,384 rubles;
- a disability pension for disabled people of the 3rd group and a pension in connection with the loss of a breadwinner - 2,192 rubles, i.e. half of the fixed old-age pension (clause 2, article 16 of the Federal Law No. 400);
Who is entitled to benefits?
The values listed above are typical, that is, they are assigned to those citizens who are not entitled to any benefits. At the same time, the list of benefits that allow you to receive a large supplement to your pension is quite extensive (see Article 17 of the Federal Law No. 400). Namely:
- If a citizen applied for a pension later than expected, then the fixed additional payment increases in proportion to the delay in applying for a pension. In more detail, the growth factors are prescribed in Appendix 2 of the Federal Law No. 400.
- Disabled people of the 1st group, orphans and citizens of eighty years of age and older, the fixed part of the pension (hereinafter referred to as FPP) is paid in double size.
- If a pensioner or a disabled person has disabled relatives in care, then for each such relative (no more than 3 people), he is entitled to 1/3 of the FCF.
- Pensioners who have worked in the Far North for fifteen years out of 20 (for women) or 25 (for men) receive an additional pension supplement of 50% more than ordinary citizens.
- Pensioners who have worked twenty out of 20/25 years in areas equivalent to the regions of the Far North receive a 30% increase in the FCF.
- Pensioners from points 4 and 5, if: they are 80 years old, they have become disabled of group 1, or they have relatives who are unable to work for objective reasons, they receive a double increase from the appointed person.
- Pensioners permanently residing/moving for permanent residence in the regions of the Far North or equated with them receive a pension supplement multiplied by the corresponding regional coefficient.
- Pensioners - agricultural workers with the experience of such work = 30 years, who permanently live in the village, the supplement to the pension is increased by a quarter.
- Citizens from paragraphs 4, 5 and 7 are entitled to receive an additional payment to the fixed part of the pension only on one of the grounds of their choice.
To better understand the mechanism of the benefits, let's look at their application using an example:
Ivanov I.I. applied to the FIU for an old-age pension. He is a disabled person of the 1st group and has three disabled relatives. As a disabled person of the 1st group, he can receive a basic supplement (FCP) in double size + a third for each disabled dependent.
We get:
4 384 (base) +4384 (for 1 disability group) +4384 (for 3 dependents in care) = 13 153 rubles. (the amount is not exact, as the base rate is taken with rounding).
Documents should be taken care of in advance
The possibility of acquiring a number of benefits in relation to the basic part of the insurance pension is determined at the same moment when a citizen is assigned one or another type of pension (with the exception of the funded one).
The basic part of the pension is calculated automatically. For this, there is even no need to additionally visit the FIU. However, if you are claiming the increased fixed portion, you will most likely have to provide a number of documents to prove your eligibility. It can be:
- for agricultural workers - a work book of a collective farmer;
- for persons with dependents - birth certificates, marriage and or divorce certificates, certificates of income of relatives, certificates from housing departments, court decisions, etc.
- for persons with disabilities or persons caring for persons with disabilities - extracts from the acts of medical examination to establish disability;
- for persons who worked in the territories of the Far North - certificates from the place of work, etc.
- as well as other documents that may be recognized by the FIU as reliable evidence.
If any papers are missing in the package of documents submitted by you, the FIU employees will notify you in a timely manner.
The basic pension for a citizen is set at the state level at a single rate and is subject to annual indexation. This process is carried out for all pensioners in a general manner. The order of the indexation procedure is carried out based on parts of the labor pension accrual. Its main share is indexed depending on the rate of inflation, as well as within the budget funds allocated for the financial year.
What is the basic part and the insurance part of the pension?
Pension accruals include three components:
- Basic share;
- Insurance;
- Cumulative.
The last of the components is not relevant to today's pensioners, as it was introduced relatively recently. At this point, they will rely on the calculation of pensions today, for working citizens. The basic component is common to all. It has a fixed amount and is indexed annually.
The insurance part is precisely based on the length of service and the level of income of a person during his working life. Each of the workers deducted monthly contributions from their monthly earnings to the insurance fund. It is these contributions that are the basis for the formation of the insurance share of pension accrual. It is calculated quite simply: the level of deductions to the insurance fund is divided by 19 - the estimated number of years that the pensioner will live. The labor pension consists of the sum of these two components.
Fixed basic old-age pension in 2018
The basic part of pension accruals is, to some extent, a certain guarantee of providing Russians with retirement age. Article 16 of Federal Law No. 400 establishes that this is a fixed component of payments with a certain amount.
To date, the basic part for a citizen who leaves his position due to reaching retirement age is 4,805.11 rubles. In 2002, this amount was at the level of 450 rubles per month, and increased annually by means of indexation.
This share of accruals is mandatory for all pensioners with more than 5 years of work experience. The main purpose of this part is to establish some kind of social guarantee for citizens.
What funds finance the payment of the basic part of the pension?
The formation of the core component occurs at the expense of contributions from enterprises. Until 2005, they deducted 28% of the unified social tax, of which half went to the main part of pensions, and the other half to the insurance. After 2005, this percentage was lowered to 20%, and part of the contributions to the root component decreased to 6%.
Despite this, payments are made from the state budget and do not depend on the specific amount of deductions made by the employee during the period of employment. Thus, the government has assumed obligations to ensure the minimum amount of payments, and promises their gradual increase.
How is the basic part of the labor pension recalculated?
The recalculation of the base component is made on the basis of a pensioner's application, which indicates the reason for the change in the amount of pension accruals. Such reasons may include:
- The citizen is 80 years old;
- There have been changes in the field of limitation of labor abilities;
- The number of disabled dependents or family members has changed;
- There was a change in the category of the recipient of accruals in connection with the loss of the breadwinner.
To carry out this procedure, it is necessary, in addition to the application, to provide the entire package of supporting documents. When recalculating due to reaching the age of 80 years, this procedure is carried out from the day the citizen reaches this age.
If the reason for the recalculation is an increase in the degree of disability, the procedure is carried out from the day the decision is made by the commission of medical and social expertise. And if the degree of disability, on the contrary, decreases, then the recalculation is made from the 1st day of the month after which the corresponding decision was made.
If you think that the recalculation was performed incorrectly, you can challenge this assignment. A lawyer working in your city will tell you how to do this correctly. List of available specialists
The amount of the basic pension in 2018 in Russia?
Based on the inflation rate in 2017, on February 1, 2018, the base component of pension accruals will also be recalculated. According to officially provided data, last year's inflation rate is at the level of 5.4%. Accordingly, the recalculation of accruals was made for this amount. As a result of this indexation, the value of the pension coefficient was increased by 4.01 rubles, which is 788 rubles 28 kopecks. Based on this value, the indexation of the main component today is 4,805.11 rubles. Indexation is carried out annually from the first of February of the current year.
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