A formalized employment relationship ensures that in the event of the birth of a child, the employee is entitled to a number of benefits. These are sick leave payments for pregnancy and childbirth, an allowance for early registration in a antenatal clinic, a lump sum payment in connection with the birth of a child, as well as a subsequent monthly allowance for caring for a child up to one and a half years. While maintaining the general principle, the calculation of maternity payments due to changes in amounts is updated annually. Changes in this matter are expected in 2018.
How to calculate maternity benefits
The sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth is issued at the 30th week of pregnancy. Initially, it was issued for 140 days, but if the birth goes through with complications, then the woman is entitled to an additional 16 days. If twins are planned, then the total duration of the sick leave will be 194 days.
To determine the amount due to the employee, the number of sick days must be multiplied by her average daily earnings, which is determined by the salary of the previous two calendar years. If during this period there was a change of work, then the current employer must take data on payments for previous places of employment from the certificate of average earnings, which is issued to employees upon dismissal. The form of this certificate was approved by order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated April 30, 2013 No. 182n.
The general procedure for calculating maternity leave in 2018 does not change. However, the amount of the maternity benefit has a certain minimum and maximum that must be taken into account.
The maximum amount of maternity payments is calculated based on the maximum value of the base for calculating insurance premiums in the FSS.
And this amount, in turn, increases every year.
In 2015, this figure was equal to 670,000 rubles, in 2016 - 718,000 rubles, in 2017 - 755,000 rubles. Thus, the calculation of maternity leave in 2018 in its maximum amount for the standard 140 days of sick leave will be 282,493.40 rubles based on the average daily earnings in 2017.81 rubles (718,000 + 755,000) / 730).
In 2017, sick leave payment for the same period could not exceed 266,191.78 rubles, and in 2016 - 248,164.38 rubles. You can find out more about what is the maximum calculation for maternity leave in 2017.
Calculation of maternity leave in 2018, example 1
An employee of Romashka LLC Petrova A.N. provided the employer with a sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth, opened on January 10, 2018 for a period of 140 calendar days. In 2017, Petrova's salary was 734,680 rubles, in 2016 - 723,500 rubles.
(718,000 + 734,680) / 730 x 140 = 278,596.16 rubles.
If the number of sick days changes, then the amount of maternity payments must be calculated accordingly. The maximum amount of benefits for pregnancy and childbirth in the event of the birth of twins in 2018 will be 391,455.14 rubles, in case of complicated childbirth - 314,778.36 rubles.
If we talk about the minimum amount of benefits for pregnancy and childbirth, then it is determined based on the current minimum wage.
From 2018, this figure will be significantly increased, from the current 7,800 to 9,489 rubles. The minimum sick leave payment for pregnancy and childbirth based on this indicator in 2018 will be 43,675.80 (with an average daily minimum wage of 311.97 rubles (9489 x 24) / 730). In 2017 (since July 1, when the minimum wage was set at 7,800 rubles), this figure was 35,901.60 rubles. Read more about the minimum amount of maternity leave.
The minimum value in calculating the amount of maternity leave was introduced for situations where the average salary of an employee for some reason over the previous two years turned out to be less than the minimum wage, for example, if she just started working. In any case, she can count on the minimum sick leave pay, and the employer, in turn, will be obliged to pay it to her.
Benefit in connection with early registration for pregnancy
A one-time allowance for registration in the early stages of pregnancy, and to be more precise - up to 12 weeks, does not have a maximum and minimum, and the calculation itself as such. This is always a statutory fixed amount, which traditionally increases from 1 February. In 2018, it will increase to 632.76 rubles. In the period from February 1, 2017 to the end of January 2018, the allowance for early terms is equal to 613.14 rubles.
Birth allowance
Another fixed amount is a one-time allowance for the birth of a child.
In 2018, also from February 1, it will amount to 16,873.54 rubles. Up to this point and throughout almost the entire 2017, this amount was 16,350.33 rubles.
Maximum payment of maternity leave for child care up to 1.5 years
And finally, the last allowance is a monthly payment for caring for a child up to 1.5 years old. Employers pay this benefit if, at the end of the sick leave according to the BIR, the employee does not plan to start work and writes an application for parental leave. How to correctly calculate maternity leave in this case? Their amount is calculated as 40% of the average earnings of an employee.
How to calculate maternity leave, example 2
At the end of the sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth, Petrov A.N. wrote an application for granting her leave to care for a child up to 1.5 years.
Based on the above salary level for 2016-2917, the amount of the monthly allowance will be:
(718,000 + 734,680) / 730 x 30.4 x 40% = 24,198.07 rubles
The allowance for caring for a child up to 1.5 years is also limited to the upper and lower limits. The maximum calculation of maternity leave in 2018 for child care, as can be seen from the example, is again determined by the size of the base for calculating insurance premiums and, based on it, cannot exceed 24,536.57 rubles in 2018.
The minimum amount of the allowance is determined taking into account the number of children born in the family. For the first child, from February 1, 2018, a minimum allowance of 3,163.79 rubles will be established, for the second and subsequent children - 6,327.57 rubles. In 2017, these figures were 3,065.69 and 6,131.37 rubles, respectively.
Benefit payment procedure
Recall that in the question of how to calculate maternity payments, it is important to meet deadlines. The employer is obliged to make all calculations within 10 days from the date of receipt of the necessary documents from the employee. This applies to all four of the above benefits.
But the period for applying for benefits, established for the employee herself, is different - 6 months from the moment of the occurrence of one or another event. When calculating the sick leave payment according to the BIR, this period is counted from the last day of the period of this sick leave. At the end of the six-month period, the employer is no longer required to make such payments.
The basis for the calculation of benefits are certain papers that the employee must provide to the employer for their subsequent transfer to the FSS. The list is quite standard: these are applications for the calculation and receipt of each allowance, sick leave, birth certificate, as well as certificates from the place of work of the father of the born child stating that the lump-sum allowance in connection with the birth was not assigned and paid to him by his employer, as well as that he was not granted parental leave of up to 1.5 years.
Upon learning of pregnancy, a woman changes: she takes on a mysterious look and begins to mentally prepare for a meeting with a baby. The expectant mother should be “savvy” in all matters and be aware of what support she can receive from the state while carrying a baby and then giving birth to him.
What is maternity benefit
Payment for pregnant women and women who have given birth is one of the options for providing citizens with compulsory social insurance. Such assistance is designed for young mothers who are registered when carrying a baby and who have already given birth to him.
Maternity allowance is a type of insurance coverage
Who can apply for maternity benefit
Unlike the child care allowance, only a newly-born mother can apply for such a payment.. Apply for benefits if you belong to the following categories of women:
- working;
- unemployed;
- undergoing contract military service;
- undergoing full-time training;
- adopting a child and belonging to the above categories.
All payments to pregnant women and women who gave birth, assigned in 2018
In 2018, every pregnant woman or woman who has given birth can apply for the following options for benefits:
- on pregnancy and childbirth;
- at the birth of a child;
- for registration in the antenatal clinic at an early stage of pregnancy, provided for up to 12 weeks:
- caring for a baby up to one and a half and up to three years;
- maternal capital.
The expectant mother has the right to benefits for pregnancy and childbirth, for the birth of a child, for registering with a antenatal clinic at an early stage of pregnancy, etc. Table: how much a pregnant or giving birth woman can receive in 2018
| Type of allowance | The amount of maternity payments in 2018 | |
| From January 1, 2018 | From February 1, 2018 | |
| 1. Maternity allowance | Maximum size:
Minimum size:
|
|
| 2. Allowance for registration in early pregnancy | 613.14 rubles | $628.46 (613.14 x 1.025) |
| 3. One-time allowance at the birth of a child | 16,350.33 rubles | $16,759.09 (16,350.33 × 1.025) |
| 4. Monthly allowance for caring for a child up to one and a half years | Minimum size: for the first child - 3065.69 rubles. (including the minimum wage - 3120 (7800 x 40%) for the second and subsequent children - 6131.37 rubles. | Minimum size: - for the first child - 3142.33 rubles. (3065.69 x 1.025) for the second and subsequent children - 6284.65 rubles. (6131.37 x 1.025) |
| 5. Monthly allowance for caring for a child up to 3 years | Varies by region | |
| 6. Maternity capital | 453 026 r. | |
Table: schedule for processing benefits for a future mother and child
If the allowance was granted before February 1 and paid at a fixed rate, then the amount will be indexed from the beginning of February 2018.
Child benefits are tax-free and you will receive them as promised.
Payments to future and real mothers are accrued only for the time of vacation provided during the bearing and birth of the baby. That is, if a woman refuses the prescribed vacation and continues her activities, then she will have to refuse benefits. The employer does not have the right to offer a woman both a salary and an allowance. Therefore, for the days of work, the woman will receive the salary due, and if she suddenly decides to formalize the right to leave, the employer will stop paying wages and begin to accrue benefits. This is done at the place of work, service or other activity. If the organization was liquidated and the woman was fired from her place of work, then she has the right to issue a payment in the local social security.
If a woman has combined two positions and has worked in the same company for the past two years, then theoretically she can receive benefits at a double rate. The exceptions are cases when earnings from the main job are more than earnings from the additional job by 2 times.
Benefits are issued after the provision of a maternity sick leave, which is issued in a antenatal clinic or in a maternity hospital after the baby is born. Further, the employer and the FSS (who does not know - the social insurance fund) perform mutual offsets, usually against insurance premiums that require payment. Thus, funds for benefits are still paid from the FSS piggy bank.
The application of a pregnant woman or a young mother is registered, and the first money will be credited on the day of the next salary to a card issued by the organization where the woman worked. If you applied to the FSS for benefits, then the payment may be charged a little longer: a ten-day review is required, and the funds themselves will be credited to the account before the 26th day of the month following the month of application. That is, you can get money in a month with a small “tail”. In this case, the payment is credited to a bank card or sent by postal order.
Payment for women who registered early when carrying a baby
If you went to a gynecologist and he registered you up to twelve weeks of pregnancy, then you can apply for additional social assistance. In 2018, the payment increased and now stands at 628.46 rubles. This money is paid at the expense of the FSS. In the first case, a woman must bring a certificate from a gynecologist about registration to the accounting department at work. This form of payment is not available to unemployed mothers.
For women registered in the early stages of pregnancy (up to 12 weeks), a benefit in the amount of 628.46 rubles is provided Leave for pregnant women and women who have given birth
This measure of assistance in Russia is valid during the following periods:
- in case of normal childbirth - for 70 calendar days before childbirth, and for the same period after them (total - 140 days);
- in complicated childbirth - 70 calendar days before delivery, and 86 days after it (total - 156 days);
- with multiple gestation - 84 days before delivery and 110 days after it (total - 194 days).
Maternity leave begins from the moment the sick leave was issued. When carrying one baby, a certificate is issued at the thirtieth week, and in case of multiple pregnancy, this period is shifted forward by two weeks, that is, it is issued at the twenty-eighth week of bearing the baby.
Premature birth or their delay is not a reason to change the vacation time. In case of difficult childbirth, another disability sheet is drawn up and an application for additional rest is made.
You can apply for a leave in connection with the bearing and subsequent birth of a baby by providing the following documents to the employer or immediately to the FSS:
- identification;
- application addressed to the employer;
- sick leave issued for the entire period of disability;
- certificate of registration in the antenatal clinic in the first stages of pregnancy (if any);
- income statement for the last year;
- card or account number for transferring benefits.
Maternity leave starts from the moment the sick leave is issued Read more about maternity leave in our article -.
Benefit Calculation
Thanks to this example, you can easily calculate the due amount. Of course, there are exceptions everywhere: if something does not match, check this issue with the personnel department, and everything will become clear to you.
If you have already been on parental leave, the amount will be less As you can see, the number of sick days is multiplied by the average daily earnings of a woman. It can be determined by the salary of the previous two calendar years. If during this period a woman changed her job, then the new boss should receive information about previous employment. For this, a certificate of the amount of average earnings is provided, which is issued upon dismissal. The general procedure for calculating payments remains the same, but there are minimum and maximum thresholds. The maximum amount of payments is determined in accordance with the maximum value of the base for calculating insurance premiums in the FSS.
Replacement of years when calculating benefits for pregnant women and women who have given birth
When calculating average earnings for calculating benefits for pregnant women and women who have given birth, it is possible to replace the previous two calendar years with the previous ones. This is possible and is done if the employee has been on maternity or parental leave for one or two previous years. According to the law, the accounting years are replaced if the amount of the benefit is greater.
Excluded periods when calculating benefits for pregnant women and women who have given birth
Exclusion periods are used to calculate maternity and childcare benefits. The amount of salary accrued for the billing period is divided by default into 730 days. But the following periods should not be included in the calculation:
- time for pregnancy and childbirth, baby care;
- period of temporary disability;
- the period of release of the employee from work with the preservation of earnings, if insurance premiums of the FSS were not accrued on him for the time under consideration.
If there are such periods, they calculate their total value in days and subtract it from 730. Then another (smaller) number is obtained, by which, when calculating the payment, the amount of salary accrued for the billing period will be divided.
When calculating average earnings for calculating benefits for pregnant women and women who have given birth, it is possible to replace the previous two calendar years with the previous ones If the entire biennium consists of excluded time, then the nearest 3 months of work to it are taken for calculation, where there are days worked.
The calculator on the FSS website will help determine the calculation formula.
One-time allowance at the birth of a child
When a child is born in 2018, a family with any number of children receives a one-time payment of 16,759.09 rubles. You can be sure that you will receive it regardless of whether you work or not. For working citizens, benefits are issued at the place of work, but the unemployed will have to contact the local FSS. Single parents receive a payment on simplified terms, because they do not need a certificate from the place of work of the second parent stating that he has not previously received this money. In addition, each city has established additional measures to support parents. For example, in many regions, an additional one-time allowance is issued by the family when a second and subsequent children are born.
Allowance for a child up to one and a half years
Any parent of a child can receive such a measure of support. For payment, the average monthly income for the last 2 years is taken into account: 40% of this amount is paid every month. Unemployed parents can also apply for a payment, but it will be minimal, and you can apply for it at the FSS at your place of residence.
To pay benefits for a child under 1.5 years old, the average monthly earnings for the last 2 years are taken into account: 40% of this amount is paid monthly I know from my own experience that officially unemployed mothers in Kaluga are expected to receive a monthly payment of about 6,000–7,000 rubles. If a third or subsequent child was born in your family, then you can also apply for an allowance of 9,300 rubles - it is also called "mother's salary." I received such payments for my daughter in 2017, but now they may have increased by 50-100 rubles.
Compensation of 50 rubles for the period of maternity leave to care for a child up to 3 years
From birth until the child reaches the age of three, such compensation is paid. They are entitled to:
- parents on parental leave;
- employed mothers;
- adoptive parents, guardians;
- female students;
- mothers dismissed in connection with the liquidation of the organization;
- individual entrepreneurs.
Payments are made at the expense of the employer and are included in the FSS account. The benefit can also be obtained through the employer by submitting an application. Students apply to the rector of the university, military personnel need to submit a report to their superiors, and an individual entrepreneur must contact the FSS. Documents required for grant application:
- birth certificate of the child;
- employment history;
- certificate of non-receipt of benefits by the father;
- identity card of the person applying for the allowance.
Copies are provided for each of these documents. The application is written within six months from the moment the baby is one and a half years old.
The allowance for a child under 3 years old is paid from the budget and included in the FSS account Regional child allowance
The regions also pay additional, regional benefits for a child from one and a half to 3 years (keep in mind that the start and end dates for payment vary and are set at the regional level, usually this is a period from one and a half to 16 years). However, women whose family income is below the subsistence level established in the region are eligible to receive them. The regional allowance can be different and is set in accordance with the capabilities of a particular region. In the past few years, such payments have decreased or become smaller, due to the crisis situation in the country. To find out what payments you are entitled to, contact your local social security office, where they will advise you and tell you what documents will be required to apply for benefits.
I live in Kaluga, now my daughter is two years old without a ponytail. In our region, cash payments for the first and second child up to three years old amount to 4,000–5,000 rubles a month. If you have a third child (like mine), then you will receive 9,300 rubles. However, you will have the opportunity to choose between the first and second payments, since you are entitled to both of them, but you can issue only one. Yes, I forgot to add: I am a non-working mother, so I can’t say anything about payments for mothers of other categories.
Until the child reaches the age of three, the allowance can be received by the mother or father at the place of work. The parent must attach to the application for payment a certificate stating that his spouse did not receive this allowance.
Payments in 2018 for the second baby
In some regions, there is a program of governor's payments, thanks to which the amount increases. With the birth of a second baby, you get the right to register maternity capital, which will be discussed below (see the section "maternity capital"). The lump-sum allowance at the birth of a child remains the same for both the first and subsequent births (see the relevant section) . Payments up to one and a half years for the second child are the same as for the first. Only the governor's payments may differ slightly when compared with the first and second pregnancies. But in each region they are different, and in recent years some of them have been canceled.
Maternal capital
At the birth of a second baby, parents have the right to issue maternity capital. For 2018, its amount is 453,026 rubles. Maternal capital can be issued immediately after the birth of the second child, but in order to realize it, you will have to be a little patient.
Maternity capital in the amount of 435,026 rubles is issued at the birth of a second child Who is eligible for payments
The following categories of citizens of the Russian Federation can apply for mother capital, regardless of their address of residence:
- women who gave birth or adopted a baby since January 1, 2007;
- women who have given birth or adopted a third child since January 1, 2007, who have not previously received maternity capital;
- male adopters of the second, third and subsequent children who have not previously issued a mother capital (the court decision on adoption must enter into force earlier than January 1, 2007).
Taxes on maternity capital
According to the law, taxes should not be levied on mother capital, however, in the Arkhangelsk region, local authorities nevertheless decided to introduce it. If in your case a tax deduction is made from the mother capital, then you must contact the tax authority and ask for a refund. But before that, you still need to study information about taxation in your region.
In my city (Kaluga) taxes are not levied on mother capital. In addition, for several years in a row, during the crisis years, it was allowed to withdraw funds from mother capital. At first it was 12,000 rubles for 2 years in a row, and the last time they gave out 20,000 and 25,000 rubles. I issued this money quickly: I simply came to the pension fund with a minimum of documents and received payments within two months (in fact, they came earlier).
How can maternity capital be used
The funds received can be used for the following needs:
- improving housing conditions (add funds to buy a house or apartment);
- child's education (pre-school, school or further);
- formation of a funded pension for the mother of the child;
- receiving a monthly payment at the birth of a second child.
Matkapital funds, with the exception of monthly payments, are not handed out. The amount does not have to be used in one direction: it can be divided into different needs.
I have not yet used the mother capital, but my friends received this money to build a house. First, the state allocated them the first amount (half of the mother's capital), and when the walls and roof were erected, my friends received the rest of the money to continue construction.
Food allowance: special additional allowance (clause 3, article 52 of the law of November 21, 2011 No. 323-FZ)
If your child is under three years old, then you can apply for food in kind (including through food outlets and retail outlets), or in the form of monthly compensation for various categories of citizens:
- expectant mothers for the entire period of bearing a baby, starting from the twelfth week of pregnancy (in this case, the woman must be registered in the antenatal clinic);
- lactating women for 6 months from the date of birth of the child;
- child until the age of three.
A young mother can apply for food allowance for a baby until he reaches the age of three In Kaluga, 2 years ago, prescriptions for free baby food provided to babies under three years old, which we received in the dairy kitchen, were canceled. Then the mothers staged a real strike, after which the administration decided to introduce monetary compensation. Now it is paid monthly, but it is issued once a year: we bring checks that indicate the purchase of fermented milk products, and we are paid for the amount spent (up to 1 thousand rubles a month). Of course, there are some nuances here: checks that have a different list of purchases, as well as crumpled checks, are not considered. And about compensation for food for pregnant and lactating women: we have completely canceled these measures since 2016, and earlier money was paid in the amount of 800 rubles (for food for pregnant women) and 300 rubles (for nursing mothers).
Conditions for granting food allowance
In addition to the conditions described above (see the food allowance paragraph), in order to receive a payment, you must:
- permanently reside in the territory of the region in which the payment is made;
- provide documents that the expectant mother or the woman who has given birth does not receive good nutrition (for this you need to contact the social protection authority at the place of residence and find out what kind of papers are required in the region where the woman lives).
Mom does not have to apply for social security on her own to receive food benefits: relatives can do this for her
Sample Application
This is the application you need to fill out and submit to your region at the place of residence. In some areas, social protection workers use their own forms, so be prepared for the fact that you have to rewrite the application.
The sample application may differ in different regions: this should be clarified with the local social protection authority Payments at the birth of the third and subsequent children
The same benefits are paid for the third and subsequent children as for the first and second child, with the exception of the regional monthly payment up to the age of three of the baby and maternity capital (if it was not received earlier). In addition, a family with three children is considered to have many children. This category of citizens of the Russian Federation needs to be registered, which will allow you to qualify for a number of benefits and services as state support:
- Targeted social assistance. Documents for its provision and the amount of payments depend on the specific region.
- Order of Parental Glory: given to parents with seven or more children living in a family (the seventh child must reach the age of three). Upon its issuance, parents are awarded the amount of 100,000 rubles.
- Discounts on payment of municipal and state services.
- The right to increase parents' income by eliminating workplace taxes.
- The right to use real estate and transport without taxation.
- Assistance in the construction of housing for parents with many children in the form of subsidies, loans and interest-free subsidies.
- Benefits that allow you to increase the amount of future pensions.
- The right to grant land.
- Possibility of free travel in public transport.
- The possibility of free visits to children's camps and recreation centers.
For all these measures, there is no specific presidential decree, so they are individually considered at the regional level.
In Kaluga, at the birth of the fourth baby, an additional support measure is provided: 600 rubles for each child every month until the eldest reaches 14 years of age. Subsidies for reimbursement of interest after payment of utilities can be received by officially working parents. I don’t know how it is now, but 3 years ago, low-income families with many children could get free meals for schoolchildren. It is easier for children living in a large family in our region to get to kindergarten, as they are accepted out of turn. In addition, my friends say that they pay less for kindergarten than mothers and fathers who do not have many children. It's a pity, of course, but 2 years ago in our region New Year's gifts for children living in a large family were canceled. And one more thing: according to my friend, before the start of the school year, low-income families recognized as having many children can get satchels in social security, and 3 years ago stationery was also issued here.
Terms of receipt
The family must receive the status of having many children, for which parents apply to the social protection authority at their place of residence. Parents, or one of them, must be citizens of Russia, and also provide approximately the following documents to social protection (their list must be specified in each region):
- ID cards of both parents;
- their marriage certificate;
- birth certificates of all children;
- work books or certificates of income from places of work;
- account number to which payments will be made.
All of the above documents must be accompanied by photocopies.
If there are three or more children in the family, then the parents must obtain the status of large families in the local social security authority Table: calculation of payments in 2018 to non-working young mothers
| Category of non-working (unemployed) citizens | Maternity allowance | For early registration up to 12 weeks | One-time allowance at the birth of a child | |
| 1. If it is impossible to carry out work activities in connection with the bankruptcy procedure of the employer | In the form of compulsory social insurance in full in the form of "direct payments" from the territorial body of the FSS in accordance with the social guarantees established for employed citizens: | |||
100% of average earnings for the previous two full calendar years or minimum wage:
| 40% of the average monthly earnings for the previous two full calendar years for each child, but not less than 3065.69 rubles. for the first child and 6131.37 for the second and subsequent ones (for three children or more - no more than 100% of the average monthly income before dismissal). | |||
| 2. When a woman is recognized as unemployed in accordance with the established procedure for a period not exceeding 12 months from the date of dismissal at her previous place of work in connection with the liquidation of an organization or the termination of activities as an individual entrepreneur (IP) or self-employed population | In the form of compulsory social insurance in the bodies of social protection of the population (SZN) at the place of residence (stay, actual residence) | |||
In the minimum established amount of 613.14 rubles. per month:
| In a fixed amount of 613.14 rubles. in addition to maternity allowance | In a fixed amount of 16350.33 rubles. after receiving a certificate or certificate of birth of a child | ||
| 3. Upon dismissal during parental leave (for mothers also during maternity leave) in connection with the liquidation of the organization or the termination of work as an individual entrepreneur or self-employed population (as well as when the husband is transferred from military units in the territory foreign countries) | In the form of compulsory social insurance in full at the place of work before dismissal or in the form of "direct payments" from the FSS: | Before dismissal - also in the form of compulsory social insurance, after dismissal - in the form of state social security through the territorial bodies of the SZN: | In the form of state social security through the territorial bodies of the SZN: | |
| 4. Non-working women for whom compulsory social insurance is not provided (including students studying full-time) | Only for pupils and students - in the form of state social security at the place of study: | In the form of state social security through the territorial bodies of the SZN: | ||
| In the amount of the scholarship | In a fixed amount of 613.14 rubles. in addition to maternity allowance | In a fixed amount of 16350.33 rubles. after receiving a certificate or certificate of birth of a child | In the minimum established amount of 3065.69 rubles. for the first child and 6131.37 for the second and subsequent | |
Video: what payments are provided for pregnant women and women who have given birth in Russia since 2018
Pregnancy and childbirth are wonderful periods in a woman's life. And even more beautiful is that it is accompanied by support from the state, which is provided to families with one child, and parents with many children, as well as working and non-working citizens of the Russian Federation.
The decision to have a child is one of the most responsible and important in the life of every person and in every single family. Especially when it comes to two or more children. Today we are witnessing a not quite stable situation with the Russian economy.
This factor makes Russians think twice before taking any steps towards family expansion. We all know that the appearance of a long-awaited baby with a father and mother is not only wonderful moments and positive emotions.
In the current conditions of life, children represent a huge responsibility, which, of course, falls on the shoulders of parents. And it is not even necessary to provide the baby with all the best and most expensive.
But every baby needs the necessary things, such as a crib, stroller, clothes and hygiene products. The prices for diapers and formulas evoke a slight sense of anxiety, and the price tags for children's clothes are completely shocking.
The situation is even more heated due to the fact that the young mother is forced to leave the work process for a while, she will no longer be able to receive her usual income until she returns to full employment. Of course, it also happens that the expectant mother consciously or due to circumstances does not work, is a housewife.
Suppose the family decided to entrust the issue of providing for the family to the spouse. Both working and non-working women are interested in the issue of social benefits due to them in connection with the appearance of a baby. Let's find out how much maternity benefits young mothers can expect in 2018.
Who can receive maternity benefit
Only women receive this type of subsidy. Below we list the main categories of expectant mothers who are eligible for maternity benefits. A complete list of categories can be found in the Federal Law "On State Benefits to Citizens with Children".
- having a job;
- private entrepreneurs;
- unemployed;
- female students studying full-time;
- military personnel serving under the contract;
- mothers who adopted a child.
For those planning to have a baby in 2018, it is extremely important to understand the differences between payments for working mothers and for mothers who do not work. Since the maternity benefit is, in essence, a payment by the employer made in relation to an employee who has gone on forced leave.
The payment is made in a lump sum. In other words, these are not monthly, you can count on receiving money only once.
For non-working mothers, the amount of the maternity allowance is a social payment. The amount of this benefit is calculated based on the amount of the minimum salary.
It is worth noting that local social protection authorities play a rather significant role in the calculation of maternity benefits, since the calculation of benefits largely depends on this particular authority, since this is within its competence.
Unemployed mothers should understand that they can only count on maternity benefits if they are registered with the local employment service. Women who do not work and are not officially looking for work cannot apply for such assistance from the state.
Where to apply for benefits
To apply for maternity benefits, non-working mothers must apply to the social protection authority. Citizens of the Russian Federation who have adopted a child apply for a subsidy from the state, as well as to the social security authorities.
Employed Russian women, as well as expectant mothers serving in the army under a contract for registration of "maternity leave" should contact the personnel department at the place of work and service, respectively.
Students, in order to obtain assistance for pregnancy and childbirth, need to contact the dean's office of the educational institution.
Individual entrepreneurs who are preparing to become mothers must apply to the social security authorities to apply for maternity benefits. At the same time, the amount of the payment will be directly dependent on the amount of social contributions made by a single mother - a private entrepreneur.
The main question is the amount of benefits for young mothers
It is already clear that the amount of benefits varies depending on the category of mother. Let's finally find out how much of the notorious allowance women with one status or another can claim.
For employed women, the amount of the payment will be 100% of the salary for the last two years of work. Citizens dismissed in connection with the liquidation of the enterprise will be paid by local bodies of social protection of the population.
If a woman has combined two jobs for at least two years, she is provided for "maternity" payments from both employers. Based on the minimum wage of 7,800 rubles, you can calculate the minimum and maximum payment for pregnancy and childbirth in 2018.
Lump sum minimum - the minimum amount of the benefit may also differ, depending on the labor activity and the maternity leave associated with it:
- 34,520 rubles, 55 kopecks for normal childbirth without complications and a decree lasting 140 days;
- 38,465 rubles, 75 kopecks for childbirth complicated by some problems and maternity leave lasting 156 days;
- 47,832 rubles, 62 kopecks for multiple pregnancy and a decree that will last 194 days.
The maximum allowance - the "ceiling" of payments for pregnancy and childbirth also depends on labor activity and the number of babies born:
- 266,191 rubles, 80 kopecks for childbirth without complications;
- 296,207 rubles, 93 kopecks for difficult childbirth;
- 368,361 rubles, 15 kopecks for multiple pregnancy.
For mothers with less than six months of work experience, the amount of the maternity benefit is tied to the minimum wage.
Non-working mothers can count on a benefit that includes the amount of all due social benefits. In 2018, unemployed mothers will be able to receive no more than 613 rubles 14 kopecks.
Students should understand that in their case, the amount of payments will be made in accordance with the size of the scholarship. If in 2017 the minimum scholarship is 1,340 rubles, then already in the academic year 2017-2018 they promise to index the scholarships by 5.9%, and a year later the amount of the scholarship is indexed by another 4.8%.
Military moms serving on a contract basis may qualify for
All payments to pregnant women and women who have given birth this year will be paid in accordance with the law and in order to ensure decent material conditions for a young mother. There are not many such payments, and their size is set both at the level of the federal budget and the regional one. Each region can additionally pay special allowances and allowances to young women in childbirth in the amount that it deems necessary. But all residents of the Russian Federation must receive no less than the established federal minimum. And then we’ll talk about what types of benefits and payments are due to pregnant women and women in childbirth.
Not all pregnant women who have learned about this joyful event are in a hurry to make an appointment with a doctor and undergo all the necessary examinations. But in vain. It is the first trimester of pregnancy that is the most dangerous and can end badly for a young mother. That is why, in order to somehow stimulate the fair sex to be more attentive to their situation and take care of the health of the baby in advance, a payment for early registration was introduced into practice.
I would like to note in advance that the size of this payment is not so large, and it is unlikely to be able to somehow help the woman in the future, since its size is not enough even for the most necessary tests. But let's just say it's a nice little bonus for the lady's responsibility. That's all.
The amount of such benefits in 2018 is only 628.46 rubles. In the regions, such a one-time payment may be higher, since the regions have the right to pay a certain amount to this amount, which they safely do. If we compare Moscow and the Moscow region, then in this district, an additional 600 rubles will be paid to a woman for an early appointment with a doctor.
True, it is necessary to take into account such a moment: the regional surcharge is paid not to those who will be registered in Moscow and the region, but only to those who have a residence permit in this city. And this is necessary to know.
The question arises, who is entitled to receive such a small bonus? According to the law - all pregnant women who previously officially worked under an employment contract. Yes, unfortunately, those who do not work officially will not be able to receive this money. If the future woman in labor does not work, but is in the employment center and officially receives benefits, then she will also receive 628.46 rubles.
The most important and, probably, monetary benefit is the maternity benefit, which is paid by the employer. In fact, such an allowance should compensate the fair sex for the time that she will not be able to work and will be on maternity leave and parental leave.
According to the Labor Code, a woman receives the right to go on maternity leave at the thirtieth week. And until the moment of the expected birth, she must be on maternity leave. During this time, the company where she worked will pay her an amount equal to the average monthly salary for each month of the decree. In other words: if a woman was on maternity leave for 148 days, then her accounting department should calculate the average daily earnings for the last two years and multiply it by the number of days in the period.
Example: The salary of Ivanova K.P. over the past two years is 1,680,000 rubles. How much maternity leave should the company pay to this employee?
Calculation: 1,680,000 rubles / 730 days and multiply by 148 days. In total, we will receive 322,192 rubles for payment.
But, unfortunately, Ivanova will not be able to receive this money, since the Government has limited the amount of maternity leave to 282,493.40 rubles. Therefore, all maternity workers cannot receive more than the specified amount. And our Ivanova, upon leaving, will receive only the indicated amount.
And if such a restriction does not please everyone, then here is the minimum restriction in the amount of 46,675.39 rubles. vice versa. All representatives of the fair sex who work under an employment contract cannot receive less than the established minimum. If the employer violates the law, then it is necessary to complain about it to the labor inspectorate.
In order to receive such payments, it is necessary in the hospital where the woman is registered to receive a sick leave and submit it to the accounting department of her enterprise.
Another interesting point that worries many: if a girl officially works at two jobs, then who is obliged to pay her maternity leave. In this case, each of the employers is obliged to pay maternity leave, only sick leave must be submitted to the accounting department of two employers. Therefore, in this situation, it is better to ask the doctor to write out two sick leaves in advance. By the way, if at some place of work the maternity worker works less than the established period, then the employer has the right not to pay her such an allowance.
Thus, in order to receive the maximum amount of maternity payments, it is mandatory in 2018:
- Be officially employed and work under an employment contract;
- Receive a salary of at least 69,000 rubles;
- When changing jobs that a woman has changed over the past 2 years, it is imperative to take an official document from the previous job and provide it to the current employer.
But if it is clear with employees, then very often women working as individual entrepreneurs are concerned about the question: can they get maternity leave?
By law, individual entrepreneurs are not deprived of the right to receive maternity benefits, but for this they must be registered with the Social Insurance Fund. At the same time, it is not enough just to be registered, it is necessary to pay the necessary deductions a year before going on maternity leave. At the moment, the amount of such deductions is 2.9% of the minimum wage - the minimum wage. For example, if we consider the current year 2018, then for the entire year the amount of deduction should be 3,302 rubles. And when paying such an amount, a pregnant woman will be able to receive payments at the minimum level. This is about 44 thousand rubles. The benefit is obvious.
By the way, we remind you that maternity payments are not taxed, that is, they will not be subject to personal income tax, which is currently 13%.
When a small person is born, then, according to the law, his parents are entitled to a one-time payment from the state, which should reimburse at least part of the funds spent at the birth of a child. Such a payment is not tied to either the minimum wage or the wages of the woman in labor. Everything is the same for everyone. By the way, each of the parents can receive such an amount. The rule works: whoever applies, he will receive.
The amount of such allowance for all regions is 16,759.08 rubles. But, as for other payments, the possibility of increasing the one-time compensation for young families at the regional level has been established. But, as with maternity, the rule works here: the child must have a residence permit of the region for which the family claims to receive payments, and one of the parents must have such registration.
If we consider regional payments, then in each region such allowances are individual. For example, in St. Petersburg, at the birth of a baby, the family is required to issue a card with an amount of about 27,000 rubles. It is impossible to spend such funds for any purpose, but it is free to pay with such a card in children's stores. Withdrawing cash from the card is strictly prohibited. This was done by the city authorities on purpose so that the money would be spent solely for the benefit of the child.
Regarding Moscow, there are also additional payments to the principal amount of 16,759.08 rubles. For example, for the first baby, the family will be paid an additional 5,500 rubles, and if the child is born second or third, etc., then another 14,500 rubles. When a child is born in a family where both parents have not reached the age of 30, the additional payment is 76,910 rubles for the first child, 107,674 rubles for the second child, and 153,820 rubles for the third, etc.
So, the mother has already given birth to a child, and now, after the end of the vacation and the sick leave, she must make a decision: she should continue to stay at home, caring for the child, or go to work. If the second option is chosen, then dad can go on maternity leave. Now there is nothing shameful in this, and many dads willingly sit with their children while moms work.
In the first option, within a year and a half, the employer must ensure that the mother receives monthly funds that would be equal to 40% of the average salary for the last two months.
And here are set their minimums and maximums. So for the first child, the employer, at any wage, cannot pay less than 2,795.60 rubles or 6,284.65 rubles for the birth of a second baby in the family. But at the same time, no matter how big a woman's salary is, no one will pay her more than the established maximum - 24,536.57 rubles per month.
Maternal capital
And, probably, the biggest payment that everyone wants to receive is maternity capital. Its size for the current year is 453,026 rubles. But it can be obtained only once and at the birth of only a second or subsequent child. At the birth of the first child, the maternity capital is not paid.
In addition, the capital cannot be withdrawn and spent on personal purposes. It is managed by the Pension Fund, and only with its permission the family can spend money either on the purchase of housing where the unborn child will live, or on the treatment of the child, or on his education. All. Other goals cannot be covered by the mother capital.
Thus, we answered the question of what benefits are due to pregnant working women in 2018. There are not so many of them, but not so few, and in total they help the young family quite thoroughly.
(or, as it is often called, "maternity") is one of the types of insurance coverage for compulsory social insurance. We will figure out to whom and in what amount the maternity payment is due, what is the duration and features of its receipt.
Payment of benefits for pregnancy and childbirth
It is important to understand that only women can count on maternity benefits (as opposed to child care benefits). All categories of recipients of maternity benefits in 2019 are listed in No. 81-FZ of May 19, 1995 “On State Benefits for Citizens with Children”. These include women:
working
unemployed (dismissed in connection with the liquidation of organizations within 12 months preceding the day they were recognized as unemployed)
full-time students
military service under contract
adopting a child and belonging to the above categories
If a woman is entitled to child care allowance and maternity allowance at the same time, she can choose only one of these allowances.
Note: maternity allowance in 2019 is paid only for the period of the leave of the same name. This means that if a woman does not use the right to the specified leave and continues to work (and, accordingly, receive wages), then she is not entitled to benefits. An employer in this situation is not entitled to provide a woman with two types of payments at once: both salary and allowance. Therefore, wages will be paid for the days of work. As soon as the woman decides to use the right to maternity leave and it is issued, the payment of wages will stop and the employer will accrue benefits.
Maternity allowance paid at the place of work, service or other activity. For women dismissed in connection with the liquidation of the organization, the allowance is paid by the social protection authorities at the place of residence (the place of actual stay or actual residence).
Note: if the employee is a part-time employee and has worked for the same employers for the previous two years, then both employers pay her maternity allowance in 2019.
Maternity allowance payable .
Documents for receiving benefits for pregnancy and childbirth
The list of required documents is given in No. 255-FZ dated December 29, 2006 “On Compulsory Social Insurance in Case of Temporary Disability and in Connection with Motherhood”. You will need:
Working women receive benefits equal to 100% of average earnings
Dismissed in connection with the liquidation of the organization - in the amount of 300 rubles
Students - in the amount of a scholarship
Contract servicemen - in the amount of monetary allowance
- Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated April 30, 2013 N 182n "On approval of the form and procedure for issuing a certificate of the amount of wages, other payments and remuneration for two calendar years preceding the year of termination of work (service, other activity) or the year of applying for a certificate of the amount of wages , other payments and remunerations, and the current calendar year for which the insurance premiums were accrued, and the number of calendar days falling in the specified period for periods of temporary disability, maternity leave, parental leave, the period of release of the employee from work with full or partial retention of wages in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, if insurance contributions to the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation were not accrued on the retained wages for this period"
application for the appointment of benefits (drawn up in free form)
Maternity allowance paid to the insured woman in total for the entire period of vacation.
The amount of the maternity benefit
The amount of maternity payments depends on the status of the recipient:
If the experience of an insured woman is less than six months, she can count on a benefit in the amount not exceeding the minimum wage (from January 1, 2019 - 11,280 rubles)
Calculation of maternity benefit
Since 2013, women have not been given the right to choose how benefits are calculated
Maternity allowance is calculated on the basis of average earnings and does not depend on the length of service of the employee (unlike temporary disability benefits). For convenience, the calculation of benefits can be presented in the form of the following scheme:
Maternity allowance in 2019
equals
income for 2 calendar years
(prior to the year of the decree)
divide by
number of days in this period
multiply by
number of days of leave
Now about the nuances.
Firstly, the average earnings for each of the two calendar years must not exceed a certain maximum. This maximum is set - the maximum value of the base for calculating insurance premiums to the FSS for the corresponding year. In 2017, this amount was 755,000 rubles, in 2018 - 815,000 rubles. That is, when calculating for each year, you need to use the amount that is less.
Secondly, the value of the average daily earnings (that is, divided by the division of income for two years by the number of days) is now legal. The allowable maximum is determined as follows: we take the marginal bases for calculating contributions to the FSS for the two years preceding the decree, add up and divide the amount received by 730.
Thirdly, from the total number of calendar days in a biennium should be excluded:
Periods of temporary disability, maternity leave, parental leave
The period of release of the employee from work with full or partial preservation of wages, if insurance premiums were NOT accrued on the retained wages for this period
Fourth, if during the two years preceding the decree the employee took maternity or parental leave, then these periods, as we see, will be excluded from the calculations. However, in this case, the woman is given the right to such periods (one year or both) of the previous year (two years), so that this would lead to an increase in the amount of maternity payments.