New Year's program for families and children over 10 years old
How different eastern countries celebrate the New Year we will learn in the Museum of the East.
In December, we traditionally decorate the Christmas tree and wait for the New Year to come. Do you know how they do it in the East? Why do some peoples celebrate the New Year in June on the day of the summer solstice, while others in the spring on large meadow glades?
Chinese New Year is one of the main holidays of the year, which the Chinese celebrate for 15 days. From the Chinese New Year, we inherited the tradition of assigning a symbol to each year. Dragon, Tiger, Goat or Sheep - according to Chinese beliefs, these are the owners of the next year. They cannot be met in an untidy house, so one of the main Chinese New Year traditions is cleaning. The Chinese New Year's color is red. And the entire festive decor of Chinese houses is made in red shades with small splashes of yellow tangerines, which symbolize prosperity, and peach and apricot flowers, which symbolize new beginnings. But the East is not only China, and the Eastern New Year is celebrated not only on February 19, and sometimes not at all like we have with the Chinese ...
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Chinese New Year: interesting facts about the holiday
5 (100%) 2 votesChinese New Year has been celebrated for over 4,000 years. It originates from the ancient festivities that were celebrated at the end of winter and the beginning of spring. It is called the Spring Festival or the first day of the Great Year. According to Chinese tradition, on the New Year, everyone should let go of the past and welcome the future.
East is a delicate matter
We, and other Western countries, celebrate this holiday on January 1st. The date of the Chinese New Year changes every year because it falls on the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar. The celebrations end on the first day of the full moon (15th day).
The lunar Chinese calendar is divided into 12 cycles. Each year (cycle) bears the name of one of the representatives of the fauna. They are arranged in strict order, one after another: Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Rooster, Dog and Pig.
For Chinese schoolchildren, the New Year holidays last during the celebration of the Eastern New Year.
How is it celebrated in the East?
People decorate their houses with tangerine trees, which bring good luck. Houses are also decorated with decorations cut out of red and white paper. They symbolize happiness, luck, longevity and wealth.
According to tradition, on New Year's Eve, all relatives and friends of the family gather for a gala dinner.
Traditional dishes should be on the table:
- jiu nyang tan - sweet rice soup with wine;
- gao rice cake;
- tang yuan sesame - soup with balls of black rice;
- also dishes made from chicken, duck and fish.
Children often receive red shiny envelopes with money as gifts from relatives. The money in the envelope should always be an even amount and should not be associated with the number 4, because the Chinese believe that the number 4 symbolizes death.
New Year's fireworks
Fireworks are often set off during the Chinese New Year. It is believed that firecrackers scare away evil spirits.
On the 5th day of the New Year, the gods of wealth and prosperity are welcomed in the Middle Kingdom. They are believed to come down from heaven. During this celebration, some business owners buy fireworks to bring good luck to their businesses.
Dragons for good luck
Dragons are also an important part of Chinese New Year celebrations. Some Chinese believe that they are descendants of the dragon. The dragon, in China, is a sign of luck and good fortune. During the festival, many residents dress up in dragon costumes, perform a dragon dance, and hold other activities involving dragons.
On the last, 15th, day of the New Year, the Lantens-Yuan Xiao Jie festival is held.
Would you like to visit China during the New Year holidays? We would love it if you share your thoughts with us in the comments.
2020 is the year of the rat according to the eastern calendar.
Official holidays for the new year in China in 2020: from January 24 to January 30 (due to epidemic extended until February 9).
In 2020, the Chinese New Year according to the Eastern calendar, is celebrated on the night of January 24-25, at 24:00.
Chinese New Year or Spring Festival: (Chinese New Year, Spring Festival, 春节, 过年) is the most important holiday in China, the date of which is determined by the lunar calendar, in 2020 it falls on January 25th.
The Chinese New Year, also called the Spring Festival, has over 4,000 years of history. It is the greatest and most important holiday of the year for the Chinese, let's see why:
- Time for a family reunion
The Chinese New Year is a celebration of family reunion, similar to how it is done on Christmas in the West, only on a larger scale: on the eve of the new year, all the masses leave the cities to meet at the family table in their hometown. What causes a traffic collapse for many weeks before and after the new year.
- The longest holiday in China
In most organizations in China, holidays last from 7 to 15 days, and schoolchildren and students go on vacation for a whole month.
Traditionally, the celebration lasts 15 days from the 1st to the 15th day of the first lunar month, and it is customary for people to start preparations even earlier - from the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month.
- The holiday owes its origin to the monster "Nian"
The holiday originates from the time of the Shang Dynasty (17-11 centuries BC). Back then, the festival was held to banish the Nian monster, which loved to devour children, supplies, and livestock. The monster was afraid of the color red and loud sound, so people decorated their houses red and set off many fireworks to drive it away.
Chinese New Year dates
When is Chinese New Year? Based on the lunar calendar, the festival does not have a fixed date and it changes every year, but mostly falls on a day between January 21st and February 20th in the Gregorian calendar.
The lunar calendar also determines the 12-year repeating cycle of the eastern zodiac, and each year belongs to an animal.
How long is the Chinese New Year? The festival lasts 15 days: from the Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival.
How is Chinese New Year celebrated?
Preparations begin seven days before the Chinese New Year, and the holiday itself lasts until the Lantern Festival, which falls on the 15th day of the new year.
The Chinese have a daily to-do list to follow during the holiday. Important days - Eve and the first day, these days they arrange a festive feast and fireworks.
▷ 23rd day of the last lunar month (8 days before the new year)
Making offerings to the kitchen god
General cleaning in the house
Holiday shopping, buying new year attributes,
▷ Chinese New Year's Eve:
Preparing red envelopes, family reunion dinner, watching festive TV programs, launching fireworks.
▷ 1st day of the first lunar month:
Launching fireworks, cooking and eating dumplings or nengao (sweet treat), visiting relatives.
▷ 2nd day:
Worshiping the God of wealth, married daughters visit their parents' house (the first day should be spent with the groom's family).
▷ Day 5:
Greeting the deity of wealth and prosperity, visiting friends.
▷ Day 15 (Lantern Festival):
On the last day of the new year, the Lantern Fair is held and sweet stuffed rice balls are cooked and eaten.
Events on the eve of the holiday
Before the Spring Festival, every family does a thorough house cleaning and goes shopping. Red gift envelopes are being prepared, various New Year's decorations for the house are being purchased, red ribbons are hung on the doors calling for good luck and wealth.
In addition, be sure to buy new clothes, especially for children, it is very important for the Chinese to celebrate the new year in everything new. During a family dinner on the eve of the Lunar New Year, northern Chinese eat dumplings, while southerners eat Nyangao 年糕 (cookies made from glutinous rice and flour). All family members exchange red envelopes with money.
Why is red so popular in China? Red symbolizes happiness, prosperity and good luck in Chinese culture.
Do's and Don'ts for Chinese New Year
At the beginning of the Lunar New Year, the Chinese in their daily activities try to set the pace of their lives for the next year, as they say: how you meet the new year is how you spend it. During the whole holiday, it is forbidden to pronounce such words as "death", "loss", "murder", "ghost" and "disease".
During the entire Chinese New Year it is forbidden:
- Borrowing and lending money will bring financial losses next year.
Breaking things - you will be away from your family all year.
Crying is bringing bad luck.
Take medicine - the whole year will be in illness.
Wash your hair - wash off wealth (in Chinese, the words hair and wealth are synonyms).
Sweep - sweep good luck.
Use scissors - quarrels with people.
Eat porridge - bring poverty.
gifts for chinese new year
What to give for the Spring Festival in China:
- Alcoholic drinks
- Cigarettes
- Tea and Fruit
- Cosmetics and products for longevity (balms, swallow's nests)
- Red envelopes with money (in no case should the amounts contain the number 4, the amount with a large number of eights is welcome).
The number is also of great importance, since numerology plays a huge role in China, and there is a certain meaning behind each number. The Chinese believe that all good things must come in pairs, so gifts are also given in pairs, such as two packs of cigarettes or two bottles of rice wine. If you decide to give a red envelope with money, it is best that the numbers are multiples: 8 (the most revered number in China, consonant with the word wealth), 6 or 9, for example, you can put 68, 288, 688, 999 yuan in the envelope Follow beware of the number 4, this is an unlucky number, and is consonant with the word death.
Congratulations on the Chinese New Year:
春节快乐 (chūn jié kuài lè) - Happy New Year!新年快乐 (xīn nián kuài lè) - Happy New Year!
恭喜发财 (gōng xǐ fā cái) - I wish you great wealth!
一凡风顺年年好，万事如意步步高！心想事成大吉大利！ - I wish you success in all your endeavors, and the fulfillment of all desires, so that prosperity increases every year! I wish you happiness and prosperity!
What can not be given to the Chinese:
- Umbrellas
- Shoes
- Pears
- sharp objects
- Chrysanthemums.
Where to meet the Spring Festival?
In China, each province has its own traditions and activities that are held during the celebration of this grandiose festival. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xi'an with authentic folk festivals are great places to visit during your vacation. But still, we advise you to choose another country to visit during the Chinese holidays, since most of the establishments in China are closed at this time, the vast majority of local residents leave the cities, and tickets for all types of transport become scarce.
Chinese New Year celebrations in other countries
The festival is celebrated not only in China, but also in Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, some Asian countries such as Singapore, Indonesia, Philippines and Vietnam, as well as Chinatowns in the US, Canada, UK and Australia. Celebration traditions in different places are gradually modified under the influence of local characteristics and become unique.
Instruction
Start preparing for the Eastern New Year in the same way as you prepared for our traditional holiday: with a thorough cleaning of the apartment. According to ancient Eastern beliefs, in this way you prepare a place for a new life, sweeping away all adversities and failures from your home. But just before the holiday, all the attributes of cleaning should be removed away from the eyes so that luck does not go away with the garbage.
Now start decorating your home. Place a money tree (in China it is usually a cypress branch placed in a vase of fruit and rice), tie coins to it with red ribbons - for well-being. Hang colorful or red lanterns. Cut out different fantastic figures from paper and decorate windows with them. Leaflets hung in all rooms with wishes of happiness and well-being are also an obligatory element.
Pay attention to the color scheme of your holiday. The main palette with which you must meet the Dragon should contain black, blue and red. Water (which is black in Chinese) is enhanced by metal, so use white and silver as well. Clothing should also be predominantly these colors, but do not forget about bright and shiny jewelry.
One of the most important attributes of celebrating the New Year in an oriental way, as elsewhere, is a festive table with treats. Lay out a white tablecloth and place shiny cutlery. Put red napkins or place vases of this color next to them, candles. The dishes on the table must be glass or porcelain, crystal and silver are also allowed, but not clay. Make sure that there is nothing square in the table setting. Also avoid sharp corners and symmetrical placement of appliances. Under no circumstances should a knife be placed on the table.
Give preference to dishes prepared from fish and seafood. Suitable, of course, and waterfowl - duck or goose. Serve red or white fruits and vegetables. These can be pears, apples, pomegranates, frozen berries - raspberries, currants, cranberries, bell peppers, tomatoes, watermelons, etc. Don't forget tangerines and oranges too. By the way, a Christmas tree decorated with tangerines and tangerines as a gift to guests is just right: this is an ancient oriental tradition.
Serving elements of the earth, that is, dishes that have a sweet taste, as well as yellow vegetables, potatoes and other root crops grown in the earth, are not allowed. Remember that there should be a pair of dishes on the table. From drinks, preference should be given to vodka and beer.
One of the important Chinese New Year traditions is the preparation of dumplings on the eve of the holiday. They are molded by the whole family, and this is considered a symbol of good wishes to the household, the longevity of the parents. A coin is placed in one dumpling, and the one who gets it will be happy for a whole year.
For the chiming clock, prepare for everyone who celebrates with you, paper lanterns with a wick soaked in sesame oil. When the clock strikes, they are set on fire in the East, and the color of the burning wick determines what year it will be. Whoever has a red flame will be especially happy. And be sure to laugh: in Japan and China (and here too) they say that how you meet this year, you will live it.
Chinese New Year is another holiday that comes right after our traditional festival. It is known that the Chinese New Year does not have a fixed date and is celebrated every year at different times - the year of the Fire Rooster begins on January 28, at exactly 4 hours and 8 minutes of the night Tbilisi time.
Date of celebration
The Chinese New Year has a fickle date because it is entirely dependent on the lunar calendar. Chinese New Year falls on the second new moon after the winter solstice, December 21st. Every year this holiday can fall on one of the days in the interval from January 21 to February 21.
It is also a day marked by prayers for the environment, reminding us that we are good servants of the world around us. The Novels of Justinian decreed that all official documents of the Empire must include a reference to the definition. When you are trying to publish manuscripts from this era, it is helpful to know the year of showing, as exact dates or years are less common.
Harvest, Thanksgiving and Sowing
Anno Mundi served as the starting point for pre-modern calendars in many parts of the world and is still the liturgical reference point for modern Judaism and Christians alike. As the preparations for the winter have been made, so have the preparations for the coming year.
Chinese New Year 2017 begins on January 28th. More precisely, 2017 will be according to the Gregorian calendar, but according to the Chinese calendar we will meet the year 4715, which will come under the sign of the Fire Rooster and will last until February 15, 2018, when it will be replaced by the year of the Yellow Dog.
As noted
On New Year's holidays, people visit each other with congratulations, gifts in the form of money in red envelopes, and necklaces made of coins and tangerines as a symbol of wealth.
For Christians, it was a time of thanksgiving, remembering the good weather and abundant rain that the Lord provided for this year's harvest, which we pray for at every Divine Liturgy. This brings closer the parallels with the Feast of Trumpets for God's pre-educated people.
Chinese New Year Traditions and Signs
And the Lord said to Moses: Speak to the children of Israel, saying: the seventh month, in the first month of the month, there will be your rest, a memorial of trumpets; This will be a holy meeting for you. You will not do slave labor and you will offer a burnt offering to the Lord. By celebrating the new year at harvest time, each year we are reminded of our dependence on hard work and the blessings of God. Going beyond material wealth and healthy cultures, this applies to imperial concerns, including prayers for protection from our enemies.
Throughout the celebration of the New Year in China, fun folk festivals, fairs, costumed dances and masquerade street processions are held. In anticipation of the New Year, the people of China change their old clothes for new ones, thoroughly clean their houses so that the favorable energy circulates freely in it and does not stagnate. During the cleaning, they throw away all the rubbish and unnecessary things accumulated over the year.
You who created everything in Your infinite wisdom and set the times by Your own power, grant your victories to the Christian people. And given increasing natural disasters, droughts, floods, wildfires, hurricanes, and famines, we should be more careful in this modern age of technology and abundance to pray for such things - no less.
We have not designed our way out of dependence on God. In any case, the more our abilities increase, the more we manifest the need for the grace and mercy of God. And that brings me to my final point: Church New Year is a day marked by prayers for environmental care.
Accordingly, festive treats are prepared. Dumplings are a favorite dish, their shape resembling an ingot of gold - a symbol of prosperity. Often houses are decorated with tangerines, always eight pieces - a number symbolizing infinity.
Fire Rooster
The Year of the Fire Rooster promises to be a truly memorable event. The Chinese advise on the eve of the holiday not to buy new shoes, not to cut your hair, because, according to them, misfortune awaits those who violate these rules. Interestingly, on the night before the New Year, the Chinese do not sleep, because in this way they protect themselves from troubles, illnesses and troubles for the whole next year.
Bartholomew is affectionately known as the "Green Patriarch" and is a frequent speaker on the international stage regarding the defense of Creativity. And it all makes sense. The beginning of the New Year marked the beginning of peace for centuries. This is the day of God's grace for a bountiful harvest. It is a day that recognizes God's protection and providence for the world, along with our responsibility and direction towards the same.
This all goes back to the story of Creation itself, and a story in which humanity, represented by Adam and Eve, is given a huge responsibility to care for every living being. The restoration of peace between humanity and the created order is at the heart of redemption and deification, and this is ultimately what the New Spiritual New Year has in mind.
The rooster is bright and demonstrative, elegant and sociable. However, in addition to the animal itself, you also need to know the color and element of the patron sign of 2017. The element, like the color of the Rooster, directly affects how 2017 will be for each person.
Asian countries celebrate the New Year differently than we do, but something in common is present in both cultures. By observing the traditions of celebrating the New Year according to the eastern calendar, you can attract happiness, wealth and good luck into your life.
The Nativity of the Nativity of Mary is the first Great Feast of the year, while her Dormition or "falling asleep" is the last. In this cycle, we see the incarnation of the God-Man Jesus Christ at the core of our history as the people of God. And between these two landmarks, we have this holiday, which at first glance may seem like a peculiar or even out of place relic from the Roman Empire.
Rather, the Church New Year serves as the basis for our entire liturgical life every year. We give thanks for what the Lord has done and ask for his mercy and protection for the days ahead. We take a moment to consider our impact on the world around us, and whether our actions will come from hearts of selfishness or hearts of compassion. This is a holiday that points to the very essence of Christ's message of true Christian spirituality: prayer, fasting and almsgiving. Prayers for blessings seen and unseen, starving for peace and our own mortification, and alms for the care of others.
Every year more and more people are wondering: when will the New Year come according to the Eastern calendar? The reason for the interest lies in the traditions, which are in many ways similar to ours, but at the same time have some extremely interesting differences. Knowing how it is customary to celebrate this holiday among the inhabitants of Asian countries, you will be able to better understand the roots of the New Year according to the Eastern calendar.
Celebration in Russia
Self-sacrifice and promise, beauty and restraint. So crack open a bottle of champagne and give your petitions to the Lord. In many places the monthly lengths immediately after this change were not fixed, but were based instead on observation of the sky. The priest-astronomers were instructed to announce when the new month began? it was generally said to begin with the first appearance of the new moon. The length of a month at this time was simply the number of days elapsed from one new lunar crescent to the next.
In those years in Rome, for example, the Pontifex watched the sky and announced a new moon and therefore a new month to the king. For centuries, the Romans have referred to the first day of each new month as Kalends or Kalends from their word calare. The word calendar comes from this custom.
When is the New Year according to the Eastern calendar
In the eastern countries of Asia there is no fixed date for celebrating the New Year: the holiday is celebrated on the first New Moon after the winter Solstice. Vacation lasts an average of 15 days.
The general leitmotif of the New Year according to the eastern calendar is the obligatory presence of red, fireworks, crackers and loud laughter: it is believed that with their help you can drive out evil spirits that bring trouble in the coming year.
This practice of beginning the month at the first observation of the new moon was observed not only by the Romans, but also by the Celts and Germans in Europe, and by the Babylonians and Jews in Lavant. All these nations began their month when the young crescent first appeared in the sky. This is still done for the Islamic calendar, but the date of the new moon is calculated for the traditional lunar calendars currently used in China and India.
During the period when the length of the month was not fixed, new moons were usually observed after 29 or 30 days. If on the thirtieth day the clouds obscured the vision, a new month appeared. When monthly lengths were identical with lunations, only those that lasted 30 days were considered normal. This was probably due to the fact that for such long periods of time, all months earlier were 30 days.
Red is a symbol of wealth and prosperity, so it is present not only in the decoration of streets and houses, but also in gift wrapping, clothes and interiors. Money is given everywhere in red envelopes: it is believed that the color of the package will increase the wealth of the recipient. But white and blue colors are strictly prohibited and can be perceived as extremely inappropriate, because these two colors are mourning in Asian countries.
When does Chinese New Year start and end?
During this period in Greece, for example, months that had 30 days were considered "full"; those that lasted only 29 days were considered "blank". Months containing 30 days were also called "full" in Babylon, but those containing 29 were considered "defective".
After the monthly lengths in the Celtic calendar became fixed, those that were given 30 days were called 'matos' and those that gave 29 days 'tomatoes'. This concept still exists today, the months of 30 days in the Jewish calendar are called "full", and those of them that are considered "imperfect".
New Year's Eve Traditions
Each of the 15 holidays has its own peculiar schedule, which allows you to cover all areas of life at the very beginning of the year and not spend this time mediocre. Residents of Asian countries treat this holiday in the same way as we do: it is considered a family holiday, and even distant relatives come to a common hearth to celebrate the New Year together.
When was the ancient new year?
In addition to their announcement of the beginning of each month based on the observation of the new moon, priest-astronomers were also tasked with determining the beginning of the year. Watching the movement of Sirius, the Egyptians found that the year was more than five days longer than their venerable 360-day calendar. This led to a change in their method of approximating the length of the year, which had been in use for almost a millennium. But it also made them wonder where the extra days came from.
Instead, they reverted to a fixed-length calendar that had 12 months of 30 days each, but with five days added at the end. 10. Usually on a date later than the middle of the eighth century, many other peoples who had previously considered a year of 360 days reluctantly returned to the calendar of twelve 30-day months, but added five days before the end of their year. These extra days were considered very unsuccessful or unacceptable.
Day 1: The New Year is celebrated with the family, symbolically burning bamboo chopsticks. After - a long family dinner filled with laughter and fun, fireworks, crackers and mass celebrations. On this day, it is customary to come to the cemetery and honor the memory of the deceased relatives.
The two eastern Mediterranean peoples who did not convert to Islam were the early Christians in upper Egypt, whom we now call the Copts and their neighbors to the south, the Ethiopians. Probably because they were surrounded by Islamic nations, the Coptic and Ethiopian churches never adopted the Western calendar. Instead, these two isolated pockets of Christianity continued to use the old 360-day calendar.
The two calendars are identical except for the year number. Both of them observe three 365-day years followed by one 366-day year. Their years are divided into 12 months of 30 days each, with an additional five or six days added after the twelfth month. B. with the birth of their founder, the prophet Zoroaster, use a calendar of 365 days. It consists of twelve 30-day months with five "gatha" days added at the end of the year. Each of the thirty days, as well as each of the days of the gatha, has its own name.
Day 2: On the morning of the second day, the whole family gets up for a common prayer, in which they ask for well-being for the whole year, prudence, wisdom and health. After that, a round of close people begins with the obligatory delivery of a cash gift in a red envelope. Also on this day, it is customary to welcome the poor and give alms.
Days 3 and 4: This period of the celebration of the New Year according to the Eastern calendar is dedicated to friends and acquaintances: communication among friends strengthens ties and contributes to the continuation of communication in the New Year. Not coming to visit someone, if invited, is considered a rejection of further friendship.
They are referred to by this name in the same way that we speak of a day by its number in a month. One of the generals of Alexander the Great, Seleuk Nicator, founded an empire that stretched from Asia Minor to India. He installed a new calendar which was essentially the same as the one that had been in use for some time in Syria. It contained twelve months of 30 days each and an additional five days at the end of the year. Every fourth year an extra day within six days was added at the end of the year.
In Persia under the Sassanids, as well as in Armenia and Cappadocia, the official time system was twelve months 30 days, followed by another five days at the end of the year. However, Arab astronomers said that the Sasanian year of twelve 30-day months was adjusted to the seasons, intercalating a month every 120 years.
Days 5 and 6: At this time, business organizations begin to resume their work, but the day always starts with fireworks. In terms of energy, the 5th and 6th days of the New Year are considered a time of wealth and material values, so many people perform traditional rituals for wealth and money.
Water solves water in great abundance from the river, although no one has seen it. The ancient Babylonians used a calendar with alternating 29- and 30-day months. This system required the addition of an extra month three times every eight years, and as a further adjustment, the king periodically ordered that an extra extra month be added to the calendar.
The Babylonians, who lived in what is now Iraq, added an extra month to their years at irregular intervals. Their calendar, consisting of alternate 29-day and 30-day months, was about right with the lunar year. To balance the calendar with the solar year, the early Babylonians calculated that they needed to add an extra month three times every eight years. But this system has still not exactly made up for the accumulated differences between the solar year and the lunar year.
Day 7: The morning of the seventh day also begins with prayer, but unlike the second day, it is often spent alone. Prayer for the well-being of relatives, the health of older relatives and the right path for children is considered an obligatory beginning of the holiday: this time is dedicated to the soul.
Days 8, 9 and 10: As a rule, by this time all people have already returned to work, but they always spend three evenings at a family dinner with their family. This is the time of traditional New Year's cuisine, intimate conversations and plans for the coming year.
Day 11: This day is dedicated to family ties between father-in-law and son-in-law. Each father-in-law arranges a personal holiday for his son-in-law and spends time with his daughter's husband, paying tribute to him.